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Activity 10.3 — Rainbow Formation
NCERT Activity 10.3: Understand how rainbows form — sunlight undergoes refraction, internal reflection, and dispersion inside raindrops.
How To Perform
1
Sunlight Hits Raindrops
See sunlight approach tiny water droplets after rain.
2
Refraction on Entry
Light refracts as it enters the raindrop and begins to disperse.
3
Internal Reflection
Light reflects off the inner surface of the raindrop.
4
Light Exits — Rainbow
Light refracts again on exit, producing the rainbow with red on top.
5
Classify the Response
Explain why red is on the outer edge and violet on the inner edge.
⚠️ Safety Notes
- •Never look directly at the sun, even when looking for a rainbow.
- •A rainbow can only be seen when the sun is behind you and rain is in front.
- •Rainbows are optical phenomena — they have no fixed physical location.